Rent seeking is not applicable for any company developing new medicines because that by definition is creating new wealth. I wouldn’t disagree with that characterization for any company milking an out-of-patent treatment by trying to make it unfeasible for any other company to manufacture it. You are correct that does exist.
Cures are difficult to develop due to how variable human physiology is, but we still manage to do so. Vaccines are also a way more effective instrument for disease eradication; it’s better to prevent anyone getting the disease in the first place.
It could be a binary file, though that would probably make it smaller if anything.
I’m guessing the point was the developer didn’t invent some proprietary log that also contained a dump and other things that could conceivably be very large. That would also be terrible design, but managing to create hundreds of gigs of text in a game crash log is a special kind of terrible.